terça-feira, 29 de janeiro de 2008

Ai que orgulho do meu avô

O senhor José Higino de Souza Filho respondeu cordialmente nossa solicitação de entrevista dizendo que, antes de prefaciar seu primeiro livro, intitulado, “ O trabalho vence tudo”, o professor Omar Sabino de Paula disse, em outras palavras, que a realização da obra fazia lembrar o aforismo do montanhista que, ao atingir o ponto culminante de sua escalada, gravou na rocha a expressão: “ só os fortes chegaram até aqui”.

Omar Sabino lembrou ainda a afirmativa de Euclides da Cunha, em sua obra “Os Sertões”, de que o “ sertanejo é antes de tudo um forte”. Com suas palavras, Sabino queria pôr José Higino, seu pai e seu irmão Sansão no mesmo plano.


“Quanto a meu pai não tenho nenhuma dúvida na assertiva da comparação, o mesmo podendo dizer do meu irmão Sansão. Quanto a mim, no entanto, prefiro creditar o elogio à longa amizade existente entre mim e o professor Omar, da qual, por sinal muito me honro”.


Foi assim com humildade, que ele nos relatou bons e maus momentos da sua história e da de Tarauacá.


1-) Seu pai o Sr. José Higino de Souza é considerado pôr muitos o precursor da pecuária no Acre, já que, a carne inclusive na capital era importada da Bolívia, por que, ele resolveu criar gado, e onde ele arrumou suas primeiras cabeças?
Na época quem não pretendesse se dedicar à exploração da borracha tinha como alternativa a agricultura, atividade, por sinal, não muito estimulante. Pecuária nem se cogitava. Diziam, por exemplo, que esta só era viável onde existissem campos naturais, como era o caso do Nordeste. A experiência, contudo, que meu pai detinha sobre pecuária, trazida do Piauí, fez com que ele se decidisse por essa atividade. Até porque havia grande carência dos produtos dela decorrentes na cidade.
2-) Mas de onde vieram as primeiras cabeças?
As primeiras cabeças foram adquiridas no próprio município, não sabendo eu dizer de quem teria sido. È importante ressaltar que, embora tenha sido ele o primeiro a se dedicar exclusivamente a esta atividade, não foi o único desenvolver criação no município. Os coronéis Áuton Furtado, no seringal Universo, José Marques, no seringal Paraíso, Vandick Tocantis, no seringal Foz do Muru, o faziam de forma complementar à exploração da borracha e com interesse de suprir mais as suas próprias necessidades. Em Feijó havia também o coronel França, que chegou a desenvolver pecuária em grande escala, mas só a partir dos anos quarenta começou a participar do abastecimento de Tarauacá, trazendo por terra, periodicamente, boiadas de 60 ou 80 cabeças.

3-) Naquela época era muito difícil encontrar mão-de-obra?
Considerando que o grande atrativo era a borracha, a mão-de-obra disponível para qualquer outra atividade era, sem dúvida alguma muito escassa.

4-) As alagações causaram muitos prejuízos para a fazenda, já que a própria se sustentava também com os derivados ?
As alagações embora não acontecessem com tanta freqüência, sempre foram muito prejudiciais à fazenda, pelos danos que causavam, especialmente ao pasto, fazendo com que o gado emagrecesse e a pouca agricultura existente se perdesse, pois, no início, toda a área da propriedade era composta apenas de várzeas sujeitas à alagações.

5-) E essa estiagem que tivemos agora? O Sr. já havia visto uma igual a essa na história do Acre?
As estiagens prolongadas, que aconteciam apenas no Nordeste, e que foram uma das causas do povoamento do Acre, parece haverem chegado também por aqui, pois em toda a minha vida nunca tinha visto nada igual.

6-) O Sr. conta em seu livro ‘A luta contra os astros”, que Tarauacá, tinha uma vida social efetiva, inclusive com peças teatrais, musicais etc. Ensuma, uma sociedade de alto nível, com muitos exemplos bons para os jovens da época: Hoje nós não temos mais isso, a que o Sr. atribui essa decadência?
Considerando que tudo isso existiu por conta do apogeu da borracha, não é difícil concluir que o fato se deve exclusivamente ao declínio do preço do produto pela entrada de concorrentes no mercado, como foi o caso da Malásia. Em razão disso, houve um esvaziamento das pessoas que,pelo bom nível cultural que possuíam, faziam com que essas atividades existissem.

7-) Mas em Tarauacá já houveram grandes artistas?
Sim claro. Nós tivemos, por exemplo, músico do gabarito de Mozart Donizete, autor da música hino Acreano. Tivemos a professora Maria Amélia Magalhães, esposa do tabelião Magalhães, exímia pianista, que tanto quanto Mozart, deixou em Tarauacá vários discípulos na sua arte, dentre elas Líbia e Lígia Silva, filhas do agente posta telegráfico, Hilário Silva, Julieta Fiúza, Jacira Lessa, José Catão e outros, que não me recordo. José Potyguara, escritor e dramaturgo, Maria Donisete Mota, professora de artes Cênicas, também muito contribuíram nesse sentido, assim como Dona Bibita, outra baluarte, que por vários anos, lecionou piano no grupo escolar do município. Essas pessoas, infelizmente não tiveram substitutas.

8-) O Sr. poderia nos dizer, do que o Sr. sente mais falta daquela época?
Estando sempre ausente de Tarauacá há mais de quarenta anos, posso dizer que uma das coisas de que muito me recordo e tenho saudade é do convívio familiar e amigo em que vivíamos naquela época.

9-) O Sr. sem sombra de dúvidas é um vencedor. Que recado o Sr. deixaria hoje para os jovens que não tem muitas perspectivas na vida, haja vista o mercado de trabalho estar altamente competitivo?
Vivendo num mundo cada vez mais competitivo, o conhecimento se impõe como uma condição cada vez mais necessária, razão pela qual se fala hoje em dia, em educação continuada, aquela que nos leva a estar permanentemente estudando. É o que, finalmente poderei sugerir àqueles que estão chegando, hoje ao mercado de trabalho.
* Entrevista publicada no site tarauacá.com

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